| The Common
Blue Bottle - Graphium sarpedon (Linnaeus)
Colour : Blackish with green band
A common butterfly of 80-90 mm. Upper surface
of wings black with a greenish blue band formed
of spots on the middle area of the wing, running
from the wing tip, across both wings. The band
is broken into spots towards the tip of the
fore wing and narrowing towards both ends of
wings. Upper surface of hind wing with narrow
green crescent like spots on the outer margin.
Generally found in open areas near gardens away
from forests. Recorded from Cherrapunjee, Mawphlang,
Laitkor and Shillong during July - November.
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| The Five
Bar Sword Tail - Graphium antiphates (Cramer)
Colour : Yellowish white
A not so common butterfly of 80-95 mm. Upper
surface of wings mostly white. Upper surface
of fore wing greenish towards the upper margin
of the wing, with seven black bands, of which
the outer three are separated by semi-transparent
bands. Upper surface of the hind wing with black
markings towards the outer edge. Under surface
of the hind wing mostly greenish yellow with
black spots, bands and streaks. Hind wing with
a sword like extension. This butterfly inhabits
wet forests.
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| The Common
Mime - Papilio clytia Linnaeus Colour
: Dark brown with cream coloured stripes
A somewhat common butterfly of 90-100 mm. Upper
surface of wings black with creamy coloured
stripes and spots. Hind wing with a yellow spot
in the lower comer. Under surface of hind wing
with large yellow spots on the outer edge. Usually
found in hilly regions at low elevations. Recorded
from Shillong during December.
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| The Lime
Butterfly - Papilio demoleus (Linnaeus)
Colour : Black spotted with yellow
A very common butterfly of 80-100 mm, the caterpillars
of which are considered to be a pest of citrus
plants. Background colour of the wings black.
Upper surface of hind wing with broad, irregular,
yellow band in the middle area which is broken
into large irregular spots and patches on the
upper surface of the fore wing. Rows of yellow
spots present towards the margin and on the
outer edge of both wings. A red spot over which
a black and blue spot is present on the lower
comer of the hind wing. This butterfly is a
visitor of garden flowers and is recorded from
Shillong during May and July.
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| The Red
Helen - Papilio helenus (Linnaeus) Colour
: Black
A very common butterfly of 110-130 mm. With
a tail like elongation on the hind wing. Background
colour of wings black. Upper surface of hind
wing with three creamy white patches in the
middle area and with a series of obscure claret
coloured crescents (at times absent). Under
surface of hind wing with a row of red crescents
on the margin. This butterfly is often seen
visiting gardens. Recorded from Nongpoh, Umran
and Shillong during July - September.
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| The Common
Peacock - Papilio polyctor (Boisduval)
Colour : Black
A very common beautiful butterfly of 90-130
mm. Wings black in background colour. Upper
surface of the fore wing with diffuse golden
green banding on the middle area. Upper surface
of the hind wing with blue or green patches
which do not enter the cell and with three or
four claret red crescents on the margin. Found
to be common in warm valleys. Recorded from
Shillong during July - September and December.
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| The Common
Mormon - Papilio polytes romulus Cramer
Colour : Black
A common butterfly of 90-100 mm. Upper surface
of wings black. Upper fore wing with a series
of white spots on the outer edge decreasing
in size towards the apex. Upper surface of the
hind wing with a band of elongated white spots
in the middle area. Hind wing with or without
red crescents on the margin. Found mostly throughout
the year and is a common visitor of gardens.
Recorded from Shillong during August -September
and November.
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| The Spangle
- Papilio protenor (Cramer) Colour :
Black
A somewhat common butterfly of 100-140 mm.,
without a tail. Upper surface of wings black.
In males, upper surface of hind wing with white
streak on the upper margin and with a black
centered red spot on the lower comer. Upper
surface of hind wing with blue scales. Female
similar to male but with an additional red spot
on the upper surface of the hind wing and without
any white streak. Recorded from Shillong during
May and July - September.
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| The Yellow
Helen - Papilio chaon Westwood Colour
: Black
A somewhat common butterfly of 115-130 mm. Very
similar to the Red Helen (P. helenus} but upper
surface of the hind wing with four creamy patches
in the middle area and with a marginal series
of greyish yellow crescents.
Generally found in wooded hills at lower elevations.
Recorded form Nongpoh during October.
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| The Common
Birdwing - Troides helena (Linnaeus) Colour
: Fore wing black, hind wing yellow
A somewhat common butterfly of 140-190 mm. This
is the largest of all Indian butterflies. Male
with the upper surface of the forewing glossy
black; upper surface of the hind wing golden
with black borders and veins. Female similar
to male but with a row of large triangular black
spots on the middle area of the upper surface
of the hind wing.
This butterfly is generally found in jungles
but at times they also visit open areas some
distance from forests and are fond of visiting
Lantana plants along forest paths. Recorded
from Shillong during September and November.
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| The Lesser
Batwing - Atrophaneura aidoneus (Doubleday)
Colour : Bluish black
A somewhat rare butterfly of 112- 162 mm. Upper
surface of the male wings bluish black and unmarked.
Upper surface of the hind wing with a pink or
red patch on inner side of the lower margin.
Upper surface of the female wing grey brown
with dark stripes between the veins. No tail
like extension on the hind wing of male or female.
Frequents shady forests. Recorded from Shillong
during May.
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| The Common
Rose - Atrophaneura aristolochiae (Fabricius)
Colour : Black
A very common butterfly of 80-110 mm. Upper
surface of wings black. Hind wing with a tail
like extension and generally with five elongated
white spots (one spot may be red) around the
middle area. Hind wing also with a series of
red crescents on the outer margin. Recorded
from Umsning, Mawroh and Shillong during July
and August.
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| The Great
Windmill - Atrophaneura dasarada (Moore)
Colour : Black
A somewhat common butterfly of 100-140 mm. Upper
surface of fore wing black. Hind wing black,
long and narrow with a broad tail like extension,
with red crescent like patches in the lower
comer of the wing and tail, and with white spots
on the outer edge. Generally found in open space
in forests during spring and summer. Recorded
from Mawpat during July.
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| The Common
Windmill - Atrophaneura philoxenus ( Gray)
Colour : Black
A somewhat common butterfly of 110-140 mm. Upper
surface of wings black. Hind wing long and narrow
with a large oblong white spot somewhere in
the middle area and red crescent- like markings
on the outer edge. Generally found in wooded
areas during April- September. Recorded from
Shillong during March.
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